Income inequality is a research area in economics and sociology that examines the disparities in income levels within a population. This can refer to differences in wages, salaries, profits, or any other form of income that individuals or households receive. Researchers study the causes and consequences of income inequality, including factors such as education, job opportunities, social mobility, and government policies. The goal of this research is to understand the distribution of income and wealth in society and to identify potential solutions to reduce inequality and promote economic growth and social welfare.